Timeline illustration showing key cultural milestones in the history of male masturbation, from Ancient Egypt to modern day.

History of Male Masturbation

Written by: Jesús Rodríguez

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Time to read 14 min

The History of Male Masturbation is a fascinating topic that invites us to reflect on the evolution of cultural perceptions over time. From ancient civilizations to the modern era, this practice has been the subject of taboos, debates, and significant changes in its social acceptance. We will embark on a journey through time to discover how different cultures and eras have addressed this expression of male sexuality, revealing a wealth of perspectives and beliefs that have shaped our current understanding.


Origins and Early Historical References


The earliest records of male masturbation date back to ancient civilizations, where we find evidence in historical texts, artifacts, and artistic representations. In Ancient Egypt, for example, it was believed that the god Atum created the universe through an act of masturbation, suggesting a positive and almost sacred perception of this practice. This myth reflects a conception of masturbation as a creative and natural act—a vision that contrasts with the more restrictive perceptions that would arise in later times.


In other ancient cultures, such as Mesopotamia, there are also references to male masturbation in cuneiform texts and literature. These mentions indicate that masturbation was part of everyday life and was not necessarily the object of stigma or condemnation. The portrayal of sexuality in these civilizations shows a more open and less moralistic acceptance than what would develop in subsequent eras.


References in Ancient Greece and Rome


In Ancient Greece, male masturbation was considered a common and accepted practice, reflected in its art and literature. Greek philosophers, such as Diogenes, spoke of masturbation as a way to relieve sexual desires without resorting to prostitution. This pragmatic perspective extended to Roman culture, where masturbation was depicted in frescoes and mosaics without the stigma associated with other sexual practices.


However, not all thinkers shared this view. Some philosophers, like Plato, considered masturbation an act that diverted the body’s vital energy. This duality of opinions shows the complexity of attitudes toward masturbation in these societies, where the practice was both accepted and questioned.


Sacred Texts and Religious Beliefs


The influence of religious texts on the perception of male masturbation is undeniable. In Judaism, the Talmud mentions masturbation in a context of disapproval, considering it a waste of semen. This view was later adopted by Christianity, which regarded it as a grave sin. Although the Bible does not explicitly mention masturbation, it has been interpreted by some doctrines as condemning the practice.


In Islam, the Quran does not directly address masturbation, but Islamic scholars have debated its permissibility for centuries. Most traditional interpretations view masturbation with caution, but some contemporary scholars have adopted a more understanding perspective, taking into account individual circumstances and the intention behind the act.


The Role of Ancient Medicine


In ancient medicine, male masturbation was a subject of interest and debate. Hippocrates, known as the father of medicine, argued that masturbation could be harmful to health, claiming that semen was a vital substance whose waste weakened the body. This idea persisted in medicine for centuries, influencing both medical and cultural perceptions.


However, not all physicians shared this negative view. Galen, a Roman physician, believed that masturbation could be beneficial, helping to maintain the balance of the body’s humors. This more balanced approach reflects a more complex understanding of human sexuality in ancient medicine, where opinions varied according to cultural context and the advancement of medical knowledge.


The Middle Ages: Taboo and Repression


During the Middle Ages, male masturbation became a deeply taboo subject, largely due to the influence of the Catholic Church. The Christian doctrine of the time considered masturbation a mortal sin, associated with lust and moral deviation. This view was reinforced by religious texts and ecclesiastical teachings that promoted abstinence and strict control of sexual desires.


This repression had a significant impact on men’s mental and sexual health, generating feelings of guilt and anxiety. Masturbation, considered a moral transgression, was the subject of confessions and penances, contributing to an atmosphere of fear and shame around male sexuality.


Teachings of the Catholic Church


The teachings of the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages played a crucial role in creating the stigma associated with male masturbation. Theologians of the time, such as Thomas Aquinas, condemned masturbation as a sin against nature, arguing that it diverted the procreative purpose of sexual acts. This perspective was adopted by the Inquisition, which monitored and punished practices considered immoral.


These teachings were spread through sermons and religious texts, consolidating the idea that masturbation was a form of sinful indulgence. The Church’s influence extended beyond the religious sphere, affecting laws and social norms, and perpetuating the taboo for centuries.


Impact on Mental Health


The repression of male masturbation in the Middle Ages had significant consequences for men’s mental health. The guilt and shame associated with the practice created an environment of anxiety, where individuals felt torn between their natural desires and strict religious norms. This internal tension could lead to psychological issues such as depression and fear of divine punishment.


The stigma not only affected men privately but also influenced their public and social lives. The perception of masturbation as a sign of moral weakness and lack of self-control stigmatized those who could not meet religious expectations, contributing to a climate of repression and control.


Representations in Medieval Literature


Medieval literature reflects the attitudes toward male masturbation of the time, often portraying the practice as a vice to be avoided. In literary works and medical treatises, masturbation was described as an activity that weakened both body and soul. These representations helped perpetuate the stigma and reinforced religious teachings that condemned the practice.


However, there are also examples of resistance to these norms in medieval literature. Some satirical and humorous texts addressed masturbation with a lighter approach, suggesting that, despite the repression, there was a tacit acknowledgment of human nature. Although these works were in the minority, they offered an alternative view that challenged the dominant discourse of the era.


The Renaissance and the Revaluation of the Body


With the arrival of the Renaissance, there was a significant shift in the perception of the human body and sexuality. This era of rediscovery and scientific curiosity allowed for a reevaluation of male masturbation, moving away from the medieval taboo and toward a more open and positive understanding. The reevaluation of the body as a work of art and an expression of the divine allowed sexuality to be seen in a new light.


The Renaissance brought with it a renewed interest in anatomy and the study of the human body. This scientific curiosity influenced the perception of masturbation, allowing the physical and emotional aspects of sexuality to be explored with less prejudice. Key figures of the era, such as Leonardo da Vinci, approached human anatomy with an analytical and objective focus, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of male sexuality.


Rediscovery of Human Anatomy


The rediscovery of anatomy during the Renaissance had a significant impact on the understanding of male masturbation. Advances in the study of the human body, driven by figures like Andreas Vesalius, allowed for a more detailed exploration of the sexual organs and their functioning. This new scientific perspective helped demystify sexuality, distancing it from religious and superstitious interpretations.


This focus on anatomy also allowed masturbation to be seen as a natural and physiological activity rather than a morally questionable act. Science began to separate sexuality from the negative connotations imposed by religion, paving the way for a more rational and positive understanding of male sexuality.


Changes in Artistic Representation


Renaissance artworks reflected a shift in the perception of sexuality and masturbation. Artists began to depict the human body more realistically and without censorship, celebrating its beauty and complexity. This more open and positive representation of sexuality contributed to a healthier perception of male masturbation.


Art became a medium for exploring sexuality without the restrictions imposed by religion. Artists such as Michelangelo and Raphael created works that celebrated the human anatomy, challenging the social and religious norms of the era. This artistic approach influenced society, promoting a broader acceptance of sexuality and masturbation as a natural part of the human experience.


Literature and Philosophy: New Perspectives


Renaissance literature and philosophy also played a crucial role in reevaluating male masturbation. Writers and philosophers began to question traditional notions of sexuality, advocating for a more open and humanistic understanding. This new perspective was driven by Renaissance humanism, which valued knowledge and individual experience.


Figures like Michel de Montaigne explored sexuality in their essays, addressing taboo topics with frankness and curiosity. This intellectual openness allowed masturbation to be discussed more objectively, distancing it from the moral restrictions imposed by the Church. Renaissance literature reflected this transition, offering a more balanced and positive view of male sexuality.


18th and 19th Centuries: The Sexual Revolution Begins


The 18th and 19th centuries marked a period of transformation in the perception of male masturbation, driven by the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution. During this time, debates about sexuality and morality intensified, questioning traditional norms and promoting a greater scientific understanding of human sexuality.


The Enlightenment, with its emphasis on reason and knowledge, challenged the religious and superstitious beliefs that had dominated the perception of masturbation for centuries. This shift in mindset allowed sexuality to be explored more objectively and scientifically, laying the groundwork for the sexual revolution that would follow in the 20th century.


The Emergence of Sexual Science


The 18th century saw the emergence of sexual science as a legitimate field of study. Physicians and scientists began to investigate masturbation and its relationship to health, challenging the negative notions that had prevailed in the past. This new perspective allowed masturbation to be considered a normal and healthy part of human sexuality.


The research of figures like the British physician John Marten contributed to demystifying masturbation, promoting a more balanced understanding of its effects on the body and mind. This scientific approach helped change the perception of masturbation, distancing it from stigma and moral condemnation and bringing it closer to rational and positive acceptance.


Social Movements and Shifts in Attitude


Social movements of the 19th century, such as feminism and abolitionism, also influenced the perception of male masturbation. These movements began to challenge traditional norms about sexuality and morality, promoting greater freedom and autonomy in sexual expression.


Feminism, in particular, played a crucial role in redefining sexuality, advocating for gender equality and the right to sexual self-determination. These progressive ideas influenced the perception of masturbation, promoting broader acceptance of the practice as a legitimate form of sexual expression.


Impact on Literature and Art


18th- and 19th-century literature and art reflected changes in the perception of male masturbation, addressing the topic with greater frankness and openness. Literary works of the time began to explore sexuality more explicitly, challenging the social and religious norms that had restricted sexual expression.


Writers and artists such as the Marquis de Sade and Gustave Courbet used their work to question traditional notions of sexuality, promoting a more open and positive understanding of masturbation. These representations contributed to a cultural shift, promoting greater acceptance of sexuality as an integral part of the human experience.


20th Century: Taboos and Sexual Liberation


The 20th century witnessed a radical change in the perception of male masturbation, driven by the advent of modern sexuality and sexual liberation. This period was marked by growing recognition of the importance of sexual health and the acceptance of masturbation as a normal and healthy practice.


The sexual revolution of the 1960s and 70s challenged taboos and promoted greater acceptance of sexuality in all its forms. This cultural and social movement, influenced by feminism, civil rights, and LGBT liberation, transformed perceptions of masturbation and other sexual practices.


The Sexual Revolution of the 60s and 70s


The sexual revolution of the 1960s and 70s was a period of significant change in the perception of male masturbation. This movement promoted the acceptance of sexuality as a natural and healthy part of human life, challenging the taboos and stigmas that had persisted for centuries.


Advances in sex education, along with the availability of contraceptives, allowed greater freedom and autonomy in sexual expression. Masturbation began to be seen as a legitimate and beneficial practice, part of a healthy sexual life. This new perspective was supported by scientific research highlighting the physical and emotional benefits of masturbation—benefits of masturbating for men.


The Influence of Psychology and Sexuality


20th-century psychology also played a crucial role in understanding male masturbation. Theories of Sigmund Freud and other psychologists influenced perceptions of sexuality, emphasizing the importance of sexual expression for emotional and mental well-being.


Humanistic psychology, with its focus on human potential and self-actualization, promoted a more positive understanding of masturbation. This shift allowed masturbation to be seen as an integral part of personal development and mental health, contributing to its acceptance in modern society.


Representations in the Media


20th-century media began to depict male masturbation more openly and positively. Cinema, television, and literature addressed the topic with unprecedented frankness, reflecting changes in perceptions of sexuality.


Films and TV shows started including scenes and references to masturbation, normalizing the practice and challenging the taboos surrounding it. This more open representation contributed to a cultural shift, promoting greater acceptance of sexuality as part of everyday life.


21st Century: New Perspectives and Contemporary Debates


In the 21st century, the perception of male masturbation has continued to evolve, influenced by the impact of technology and current social movements. Access to information and online pornography has changed how men perceive and practice masturbation, while sexual health and education movements have promoted its acceptance as part of male health.


Debates about masculinity and sexuality have also influenced perceptions of masturbation, leading to new understandings of male identity. Globalization has facilitated the exchange of ideas and practices, allowing for greater diversity of perspectives on male masturbation.


Impact of the Internet and Pornography


Internet access and pornography have radically changed the perception of male masturbation in the 21st century. The availability of sexual content online has enabled greater exploration of sexuality, allowing individuals to discover and express their desires more openly.


However, this accessibility has also generated debates about pornography’s impact on mental health and personal relationships. Some argue that excessive pornography consumption can lead to distorted sexual expectations and an unhealthy dependence on masturbation. Although it’s not about stopping consumption, it should be done more consciously. The best part is that there are alternatives for enjoying masturbation alone, such as with products Myhixel.


Sexual Health and Education Movements


Contemporary sexual health and education movements have promoted the acceptance of masturbation as part of male health. Comprehensive sex education has begun to include discussions about masturbation, highlighting its benefits for physical and emotional well-being.


These initiatives have contributed to greater acceptance of masturbation in modern society, promoting a more positive and balanced understanding of male sexuality. The sex education of the future will continue to evolve, featuring more open and positive discussions about masturbation.


Debates on Masculinity and Sexuality


Contemporary debates on masculinity have influenced how masturbation is perceived, leading to new understandings of male identity. Movements for gender equality and sexual diversity have promoted greater acceptance of sexual expression in all its forms, including masturbation.


These debates have challenged traditional notions of masculinity, allowing a more inclusive and diverse understanding of male sexuality. The acceptance of masturbation as a normal and healthy practice reflects a cultural shift toward greater understanding and acceptance of sexuality in all its forms.


Cultural and Global Aspects of Male Masturbation


The perception of male masturbation varies significantly across different cultures around the world, reflecting a diversity of beliefs and practices. Eastern and Western cultures have addressed masturbation in distinct ways, influenced by their historical and religious contexts.


The impact of globalization has facilitated the exchange of ideas and practices, allowing for greater diversity of perspectives on male masturbation. This cultural exchange has led to greater understanding and acceptance of masturbation in a global context.


Perspectives in Eastern Cultures


In Eastern cultures, the perception of male masturbation has been influenced by philosophy and religion. In Buddhism, for example, masturbation is not seen as a sin but rather as a distraction on the path to enlightenment. This more neutral perspective allows for greater acceptance of the practice.


In Taoism, masturbation is viewed as a way to conserve vital energy, with an emphasis on balance and moderation. These beliefs reflect a more holistic understanding of sexuality, considering both the physical and spiritual aspects of masturbation.


Attitudes in Western Cultures


In Western cultures, the perception of male masturbation has been influenced by Christianity and its teachings on sexual morality. Historically, masturbation was viewed with suspicion, associated with lust and moral deviation.


However, in recent decades, perceptions have begun to change, driven by sexual liberation movements and comprehensive sex education. This new perspective has promoted greater acceptance of masturbation as a normal and healthy practice, reflecting a cultural shift toward a deeper understanding of sexuality.


The Impact of Globalization


Globalization has had a significant impact on the perception of male masturbation, enabling the exchange of ideas and practices worldwide. This exchange has facilitated greater understanding and acceptance of masturbation in a global context, promoting a diversity of perspectives and beliefs.


Globalization has also allowed cultures to share their approaches to sexuality, promoting greater acceptance of sexual diversity and individual expression. This cultural exchange has contributed to greater understanding and acceptance of masturbation as part of the human experience.


The Future of Male Masturbation: Trends and Projections


The future of male masturbation will be influenced by technological innovations—such as myhixel lube 100ml—and cultural evolution. New technologies, like virtual reality and sexual health apps, are shaping the masturbation experience, allowing for more personalized and accessible exploration of sexuality.


Sex education of the future will continue to evolve, incorporating more open and positive discussions about male masturbation. This cultural shift will promote greater understanding and acceptance of sexuality, allowing masturbation to be seen as an integral part of male health and well-being.


Technological Innovations and Sexuality


Technological innovations are transforming how male masturbation is perceived and practiced. Virtual reality and sexual health apps enable a more immersive and personalized experience, offering new ways to explore and express sexuality, enhancing certain practices and greatly increasing benefits of masturbating for men.


These technologies also pose new challenges and debates regarding mental health and personal relationships, highlighting the importance of a balanced and mindful approach to technology and sexuality. The future of male masturbation will be marked by greater integration of technology in the sexual experience, promoting a broader and more diverse understanding of sexuality.


Sex Education of the Future


Sex education of the future will continue evolving, promoting greater understanding and acceptance of male masturbation. Discussions about sexuality will be more open and positive, emphasizing the benefits of masturbation for health and well-being.


This new perspective will allow masturbation to be seen as a normal and healthy part of sexual life, promoting a more balanced and positive understanding of male sexuality. Future sex education will reflect a cultural shift toward greater acceptance of sexual diversity and individual expression.


Changes in Social Perception


Social perception of male masturbation will continue to evolve in the future, influenced by cultural changes and debates about masculinity and sexuality. The acceptance of masturbation as a normal and healthy practice will reflect a cultural shift toward greater understanding of sexuality and sexual diversity.


This cultural change will promote greater acceptance of sexual diversity and individual expression, allowing masturbation to be seen as an integral part of male health and well-being. Social perception of male masturbation will be marked by greater understanding and acceptance of sexuality in all its forms.


Jesús Rodríguez

Author: Jesús Rodríguez  (Sexual Coach at MYHIXEL)


PHD, Sexologist and Head of the Sexological Institute of Murcia.

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